Red Spotted Severum Care Guide

Introduction

The Red Spotted Severum (Heros efasciatus) is a striking freshwater cichlid known for its vibrant coloration and distinct personality. With its stunning red spots and overall beautiful appearance, this species is a popular choice among aquarists, adding both beauty and interest to community tanks.

Natural Habitat

The Red Spotted Severum is native to the Amazon River Basin in South America, where it inhabits slow-moving waters, such as rivers and flooded forests. They prefer areas with dense vegetation and submerged structures that provide shelter and foraging opportunities.

Aquarium Setup

A tank of at least 50 gallons is recommended for a Red Spotted Severum, as they require ample space to swim and establish territory. The aquarium should be well-decorated with rocks, driftwood, and live or artificial plants to create hiding spots and mimic their natural habitat. A sandy or fine gravel substrate is ideal for their comfort.

Water Parameters

The ideal water temperature for Red Spotted Severums ranges from 75°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C), with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.5. They thrive in slightly acidic to neutral water conditions. Regular water changes of about 20-30% per week are essential to maintain good water quality.

Diet and Feeding

Red Spotted Severums are omnivorous and require a varied diet. They can be fed high-quality cichlid pellets, flakes, and live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia. Including some plant-based foods, like spirulina flakes or blanched vegetables, will help ensure balanced nutrition. A diverse diet supports their health and enhances their vibrant coloration.

Behaviour and Social Structure

This species is generally peaceful but can be territorial, especially during breeding. Red Spotted Severums do best in pairs or small groups, as this helps them feel secure and exhibit natural behaviours. While they are typically calm, they may show aggression towards smaller fish, particularly when establishing territory.

Compatibility with Other Species

Red Spotted Severums are compatible with a variety of larger, non-aggressive fish. Suitable tank mates include other cichlids, larger tetras, and catfish. It is important to avoid housing them with small or overly aggressive species that could cause stress or harm to the Severums.

Breeding

Breeding Red Spotted Severums in captivity is achievable with the right conditions. They are substrate brooders and will typically lay eggs on flat surfaces or in caves. Providing a separate breeding tank with stable water parameters and suitable hiding spots can encourage breeding behaviour. After spawning, the parents will often guard the eggs until they hatch, so monitoring their interactions is essential.

Health Considerations

Red Spotted Severums are generally hardy but can be susceptible to common freshwater fish diseases such as ich, fin rot, and bacterial infections. Maintaining good water quality, providing a balanced diet, and observing for signs of illness are key to keeping them healthy. Regular tank maintenance and prompt treatment of any health issues will help ensure their well-being.

Conclusion

The Red Spotted Severum is a beautiful and engaging addition to any aquarium. With proper care, a well-maintained environment, and attention to their specific needs, they can thrive and provide endless enjoyment for aquarists of all levels.