Freshwater Angelfish Care Guide

Introduction

The Freshwater Angelfish (*Pterophyllum scalare*) is a popular and elegant species of cichlid known for its striking appearance and graceful swimming behaviour. With its tall, triangular fins and vibrant colouration, it makes a stunning addition to aquariums, particularly in community tanks. Freshwater Angelfish are admired for their beauty, peaceful nature, and relatively easy care, making them a favourite among both beginners and experienced aquarists.

Natural Habitat

Freshwater Angelfish are native to the Amazon Basin in South America, where they inhabit slow-moving rivers, streams, and floodplains. These fish prefer areas with abundant vegetation, submerged branches, and shaded areas, where they can hide and forage for small invertebrates and plant matter. Their natural environment provides a mix of open water for swimming and sheltered spots for resting and breeding.

Aquarium Setup

A tank of at least 20 gallons is recommended for a pair of Freshwater Angelfish. However, larger tanks are preferred to provide ample space for swimming and territory. The aquarium should be well-planted with a variety of live or artificial plants, along with driftwood or rocks to provide hiding spots. While Angelfish enjoy open swimming areas, they also require places to retreat to feel secure. A gentle filtration system is essential to maintain clean water, as these fish prefer stable water conditions.

Water Parameters

The ideal water temperature for Freshwater Angelfish ranges from 76°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C), with a pH level between 6.5 and 7.5. They prefer slightly acidic to neutral water conditions. Regular water changes of about 20-30% per week are essential to maintain water quality and ensure their well-being. Stable water conditions are crucial for these fish to thrive.

Diet and Feeding

Freshwater Angelfish are omnivorous and require a varied diet to stay healthy. They can be fed high-quality flakes or pellets, with live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia. While they do consume plant matter, including spirulina flakes or blanched vegetables will help provide a balanced diet. A varied diet will not only enhance their health but also bring out their vibrant colours and support their growth.

Behaviour and Social Structure

Freshwater Angelfish are generally peaceful but can be territorial, particularly during breeding. They are best kept in pairs or small groups, but care should be taken when housing multiple males, as they can become aggressive towards each other. It’s essential to provide enough space and hiding spots to reduce stress and prevent conflicts. In a community tank, they should be housed with other peaceful species that won’t stress or harm them.

Compatibility with Other Species

Freshwater Angelfish are compatible with a variety of peaceful community fish, including tetras, rasboras, and other non-aggressive species. Suitable tank mates include larger catfish, gouramis, and other calm cichlids. However, smaller fish, especially those with long, delicate fins, should be avoided, as Angelfish may nip at them or see them as food.

Breeding

Breeding Freshwater Angelfish in captivity is relatively easy with the right conditions. They are egg layers and will typically spawn on flat surfaces, such as leaves, rocks, or glass. Both parents take part in guarding and protecting the eggs. Once the eggs hatch, the fry can be fed infusoria or finely crushed flakes. It’s important to provide plenty of space and water changes to prevent any harmful build-up of waste during the breeding process.

Health Considerations

Freshwater Angelfish are generally hardy but can be susceptible to common freshwater diseases such as ich, fin rot, and dropsy. Maintaining stable water conditions, offering a balanced diet, and monitoring the fish regularly for signs of illness will help prevent most health issues. Regular tank maintenance, including water changes and cleaning, is crucial to keeping them healthy and stress-free.

Conclusion

Freshwater Angelfish are a beautiful and elegant species that can thrive in a well-maintained aquarium. With proper care, including the right water conditions, diet, and tank mates, they can provide years of enjoyment to aquarists of all experience levels. Their striking appearance and peaceful nature make them a standout addition to any aquarium.